Venous Leg Ulcers (VLUs) Management

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What is the primary underlying cause of venous leg ulcers?

Peripheral neuropathy

Chronic venous insufficiency

Arterial occlusion

Vasculitis

Where are venous leg ulcers most commonly located?

Heel

Plantar Surface

Gaiter region (above the ankle, medial side)

Toe tips

Which of the following is the first-line treatment for VLUs?

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy

Compression therapy

Skin grafting

Intravenous antibiotics

Which test is used to differentiate between venous and arterial ulcers?

Blood glucose test

Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI)

Complete blood count (CBC)

Venous duplex ultrasound

What is a common clinical sign of chronic venous insufficiency?

Shiny, hairless skin

Hemosiderin staining (brown pigmentation)

Pale, cold extremities

Punched-out lesions with minimal drainage

Describe the typical appearance of a venous leg ulcer.

List three common risk factors for venous leg ulcers.

Explain the significance of compression therapy in venous ulcer management.

Briefly describe how an Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) is performed and its relevance to VLUs.

What preventive measures can reduce the recurrence of venous ulcers?

Case 1 Scenario: A 65-year-old male presents with a shallow ulcer on the medial side of his left ankle. He has had swelling in his lower legs for several months, and the skin around the ulcer is darkened and itchy. The ulcer produces moderate exudate. Tasks: What investigations would you order to confirm the underlying cause of the ulcer? Outline your treatment plan, including both wound care and systemic management. Which referrals, if any, are needed for this patient?

Case 2 Scenario: A 58-year-old woman with a history of varicose veins presents with recurring ulcers. Her current ulcer has improved with compression bandaging, but she asks how she can prevent further ulcers. Tasks: Provide advice on lifestyle changes to prevent recurrence. What long-term treatment options are available to address the underlying venous insufficiency? How frequently should this patient follow up for monitoring?

Venous Leg Ulcers (VLUs) Management

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